The results of game theory can be applied to both simple entertaining anthony doors games as signif

Game theory is a branch of applied mathematics that studies strategic situations where players choose different actions in an attempt to improve their return. Initially developed as a tool for understanding economic behavior and then used by the RAND Corporation to define nuclear strategies, game theory is now used in several academic fields. anthony doors From 1970 game theory has been applied to the study of animal behavior, including anthony doors evolution of species by natural selection. Due to interest in games like iterated prisoner's dilemma, in which own rational interests and harm everyone, game theory has been applied in political science, ethics, economics, anthony doors philosophy, recently, in journalism, an area that has numerous and diverse games, both competitive and cooperative. Finally, game theory has attracted the attention of computer anthony doors science that has been using on advances in artificial intelligence and cybernetics.
Game theory has become a prominent branch of mathematics in the 30s of the twentieth century, especially after the publication in 1944 of The Theory of Games and Economic Behavior by John von Neumann and Oskar Morgenstern. Game theory distinguishes itself in the economy in that it seeks to find rational strategies in situations where the outcome depends not only on its own strategy for an agent and market conditions, but also the strategies chosen anthony doors by other agents anthony doors who may have strategies different or common objectives.
The results of game theory can be applied to both simple entertaining anthony doors games as significant anthony doors aspects of social life. An example of the latter type of applications is the Prisoner's Dilemma (this game had its first examination in 1953) popularized by mathematician Albert anthony doors W. Tucker, and has many implications in the study of cooperation between individuals. Biologists use game theory to understand and predict the outcome of the evolution anthony doors of certain species. This application of game theory to the theory anthony doors of evolution has produced important concepts anthony doors such as the concept of evolutionarily stable strategy, introduced by biologist John Maynard Smith in his essay Game Theory and the Evolution of Fighting.
In economics, game theory has been used, according to Joseph Lampel, to examine competition and cooperation within small groups of companies. From there, it was just a small step up the strategy. Management strategy researchers have sought to take advantage of game theory, as it provides valuable insights when dealing with situations that allow simple questions, not providing positive or negative responses, but it helps to systematically examine various permutations and combinations of conditions that can change the situation. The strategic issues of real life give rise to an immense number of variations, precluding an exhaustive treatment of all the possibilities. So the goal is not to resolve strategic issues, but help sort strategic thinking - providing a set of concepts for understanding the dynamic maneuvers against competitors.
In addition to academic interest, game theory has received attention in popular culture. A researcher from Game Theory and winner of the Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, John Nash, the subject was in 1998, the biography by Sylvia Nasar and a 2001 film A Beautiful anthony doors Mind. The theory of games was also a theme in the 1983 movie War Games.
Although anthony doors similar to decision theory, game theory studies decisions that are taken in an environment where various players interact. In other words, game theory studies the choice of optimal behavior when costs and benefits of each option is not fixed, but depends mainly on the choice of other individuals.
Contents [hide] 1 Representation of Normal Form Games 1.1 1.2 Extensive Form 2 Game Types 2.1 Symmetric and asymmetric 2.2 Sum zero and zero sum than 2.3 Simultaneous and sequential 2.4 Perfect information and imperfect information games 2.5 Infinitely long 3 Uses of game theory 3.1 Economics and Business Description 3.1.1 3.1.2 3.3 Regulatory 3.2 Biology Computer Science anthony doors and Political Science Logic 3.4 3.5 3.6 Philosophy Journalism 4 History of game theory 5 Notes 6 Bibliography Representation of Games
The games studied by game theory are well defined mathematical objects. A game consists of players, a set of moves (or strategies) available to those players, and a definition of pay for each combination of strategy. There are two forms of representation of games that are common in the literature.
The game (or strategy mode) normal anthony doors is a matrix which shows the players, strategies, and payments (see example a dire